T-1637; Port Orchard, Puget Sound, Wash. Terr., 1881

Metadata:


Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:  Puget Sound River History Project

Originator: Department of Earth & Space Sciences, University of Washington, Box 351310

Originator: Seattle, WA 98195

Publication_Date: 10/01/03

Title: T-1637; Port Orchard, Puget Sound, Wash. Terr., 1881

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map

Abstract:

Georeferenced United States Coast & Geodetic Survey Topographic Sheet T-1637; Port Orchard, Puget Sound, Wash. Terr., 1881; Scale: 1:20,000; Surveyor: E. Ellicott

Supplemental_Information:  For a comprehensive historical and technical review of the production and interpretation of early Coast & Geodetic Survey T-sheets please refer to Shalowitz, A.L. 1964. Shore and Sea Boundaries, Volumes 2.  U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, DC. This publication is available online at http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov/hsd/shallow.htm

Time_Period_of_Content:  1881

Time_Period_Information:  1881

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 1881

Currentness_Reference: 1881

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword: T-sheets

Theme_Keyword: Coastal Survey

Theme_Keyword: Land Cover

Theme_Keyword: Historical

Theme_Keyword: United States Coast and Geodetic Survey

Place:

Place_Keyword: Washington State

Place_Keyword: Puget Sound

Stratum:

Stratum_Keyword: Near Shore

Stratum_Keyword: Coast

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword: 1881

Access_Constraints:

This georeferenced image may be freely downloaded and used. Please give credit to the Puget Sound River History Project, University of Washington.

http://riverhistory.ess.washington.edu

Use_Constraints:

This georeferenced image may be freely downloaded and used. Please give credit to the Puget Sound River History Project, University of Washington.

http://riverhistory.ess.washington.edu

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Collins, Amir Sheikh

Contact_Organization:

Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: Department of Earth and Space Sciences

Address: Box 351310

Address: University of Washington

City: Seattle

State_or_Province: WA

Postal_Code: 98195

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (206) 616-6584

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (206) 543-0489

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@u.washington.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: asheikh@u.washington.edu

 

 


Data_Quality_Information:

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: No traceable benchmarks

 

To assess an independent check of the accuracy of the registration process, benchmarks located on the T-sheets were compared to published NGS benchmarks that were retraceable to the time of the surveyed T-sheet. (Published NGS benchmark information is located at http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/datasheet.prl). Only benchmarks that could be established with a high degree of certainty that existed at the time of the original T-sheet survey and were not remounted were used in the final accuracy measurement. If no current benchmarks exist or if the benchmarks have been remounted in relation to the benchmarks on the T-sheet, hard points (areas that would expect little change since the original surveys) were used to give a general indicator of the T-sheet’s registration accuracy in lieu of a more rigorous method. Thus these hard point measurements must be viewed with some caution. It should be stressed that the accuracy assessment was to check the accuracy of the overall registration process, not necessarily the accuracy of the survey itself.

 

NOTE: Measured distances are rounded to the nearest meter. The hand-drawn representations of benchmarks on the T-sheets are often up to 10 meters in width. To assess an independent check of the accuracy of the registration process, the measured distance is from the NGS-published coordinates to the perceived middle of the benchmark depicted on the T-sheet. In addition, the overall shape of the benchmark symbol is sometimes obscured by other symbology on the T-sheet. Thus, there is a certain level of uncertainty introduced due to the ambiguous location of the benchmark on the T-sheet. 

 

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

There were no benchmarks clearly marked on this 1:20,000 scale map.  Instead benchmarks and their datasheets were sought at distinctive features in the topography.  Based on the description the check point was placed.  Out of 8 such points, most were at about 20 meters difference from the benchmark.  This is only suggestive that the map has been translated generally well, but would not be used to claim any positional accuracy.

 

     Benchmark        PID       LONG     LAT        Measured distance between T-sheet benchmark & NGS-published benchmark         

 

Station Name

PID

Current Survey Control NAD83

Measured Distance btwn T-sheet & NGS-published benchmark

 Long

 Lat

BOLIN

SY5143

122 35 28.23614

47 41 26.82881

 

SPIT

SY5141

122 35 15.54837

47 41 27.11535

22.03

GLOVER 2

SY5300

122 33 18.87423

47 35 25.14753

26.66

GLOVER 3

SY5296

122 33 18.68786

47 35 25.20192

22.5

STREAM 1915

SY5211

122 35 58.48835

47 34 44.84534

27.42

YAH 2

SY5286

122 35 31.66292

47 35 45.53969

8.05

KEY 2

SY5136

122 36 50.91487

47 42 03.83729

15.03

RANGE

SY5110

122 36 11.71730

47 38 38.84440

44.31

VILLE 1916

SY5142

122 35 31.69285

47 38 16.94279

21.76

LAMONT 1915

SY5215

122 35 46.60074

47 36 37.58722

 

 

           

Lineage:

Technician: Joanna Marsolek  Date:  9-9-03

Process_Step:

Process_Description:  The georeferencing of T-sheets in the Puget Sound region was funded by the Puget Sound Nearshore Project (PSNERP) http://www.pugetsoundnearshore.org/

Scanned images were obtained from Information Manufacturing Corporation, 7000 Infantry Ridge Road, Suite 200, Manassas, VA 20109 Phone: (703) 393-6866

 

The methodology used to georeference the T-sheets was modified from the previous work of Jennifer Burke (NOAA) in the Lower Columbia and Daniels et al (2001). The georeferencing and error assessment process were carried out using Erdas Imagine 8.6 and ArcGIS 8.3. For additional information concerning the georeferencing method please refer to: http://rocky2.ess.washington.edu/riverhistory/tsheets.php

 

Datum Shift:

 

Most T-sheets do not have a current datum represented on them (i.e. NAD 27, NAD 83). Graticules (tics) marking Latitude and Longitude in the early local Puget Sound Datum (PSD) and a later update to North American Datum (NAD) projection are most often present. To calculate the X, Y shift from NAD to NAD 27, X and Y values were used from datum difference tables for survey stations around most of Puget Sound (Patton, 1999). An overall datum shift was determined for the area covered by the T-sheet by averaging the shift from a number of survey stations in or nearby that area represented on the T-sheet.

 

The following survey stations were used to calculate the datum shift:

 

Yeomalt 2, 1913

Restoration, 1857

E. Blake, 1921

 

            Registration:

 

For georeferencing, tics were used only surrounding areas that depicted nearshore features on the T-sheet. This was mainly done to hasten the overall process due to the magnitude of the scope of the project while maintaining the best control around areas of interest. The sheets were then rectified using a 1st order polynomial transformation. Points that produced relatively high RMS values, as well as tic points that consistently fell outside of 4.5 meters (on a 1:10,000 scale T-sheet) of their projected UTM coordinates were omitted.

 

            The following tic marks were used for georeferencing the initial resample:

 

Longitude

Latitude

 

 

deg

min

deg

min

1

122

40

47

45

2

122

39

47

45

3

122

38

47

45

4

122

40

47

44

5

122

39

47

44

6

122

38

47

44

7

122

37

47

44

8

122

40

47

43

9

122

39

47

43

10

122

38

47

43

11

122

37

47

43

12

122

36

47

43

13

122

35

47

43

14

122

34

47

43

15

122

33

47

43

16

122

40

47

42

17

122

39

47

42

18

122

38

47

42

19

122

37

47

42

20

122

36

47

42

21

122

35

47

42

22

122

34

47

42

23

122

33

47

42

24

122

39

47

41

25

122

38

47

41

26

122

37

47

41

27

122

36

47

41

28

122

35

47

41

29

122

34

47

41

30

122

33

47

41

31

122

42

47

40

32

122

41

47

40

33

122

40

47

40

34

122

39

47

40

35

122

38

47

40

36

122

37

47

40

37

122

36

47

40

38

122

35

47

40

39

122

34

47

40

40

122

33

47

40

41

122

43

47

39

42

122

42

47

39

43

122

41

47

39

44

122

40

47

39

45

122

39

47

39

46

122

38

47

39

47

122

37

47

39

48

122

36

47

39

49

122

35

47

39

50

122

34

47

39

51

122

33

47

39

52

122

43

47

38

53

122

42

47

38

54

122

41

47

38

55

122

40

47

38

56

122

39

47

38

57

122

38

47

38

58

122

37

47

38

59

122

36

47

38

60

122

35

47

38

61

122

34

47

38

62

122

33

47

38

63

122

43

47

37

64

122

42

47

37

65

122

41

47

37

66

122

40

47

37

67

122

39

47

37

68

122

38

47

37

69

122

37

47

37

70

122

36

47

37

71

122

35

47

37

72

122

34

47

37

73

122

33

47

37

74

122

43

47

36

75

122

42

47

36

76

122

41

47

36

77

122

40

47

36

78

122

39

47

36

79

122

38

47

36

80

122

37

47

36

81

122

36

47

36

82

122

35

47

36

83

122

34

47

36

84

122

33

47

36

85

122

32

47

36

86

122

31

47

36

87

122

42

47

35

88

122

41

47

35

89

122

40

47

35

90

122

39

47

35

91

122

38

47

35

92

122

37

47

35

93

122

36

47

35

94

122

35

47

35

95

122

34

47

35

96

122

33

47

35

97

122

32

47

35

98

122

31

47

35

99

122

42

47

34

100

122

41

47

34

101

122

40

47

34

102

122

39

47

34

103

122

38

47

34

104

122

37

47

34

105

122

36

47

34

106

122

35

47

34

107

122

34

47

34

108

122

33

47

34

109

122

32

47

34

110

122

31

47

34

111

122

41

47

33

112

122

40

47

33

113

122

39

47

33

114

122

38

47

33

115

122

37

47

33

116

122

36

47

33

117

122

35

47

33

118

122

34

47

33

119

122

33

47

33

120

122

32

47

33

121

122

42

47

32

122

122

41

47

32

123

122

40

47

32

124

122

39

47

32

125

122

38

47

32

126

122

37

47

32

127

122

36

47

32

128

122

42

47

31

129

122

41

47

31

130

122

40

47

31

 

 

Three different resamples were performed on this data.  The RMS errors were all below 0.003 after the first resample, but a few points had error distances around 5 meters.  Pt. 17 (error = 5.6 m) was removed for the second resample, but error distances on surrounding points only increased, so the point was replaced, and high error points were adjusted for the final resample.

 

The image was then reprojected to UTM ZONE 10N NAD83/HARN using a rigorous transformation.

Several factors that can introduce error into the registration process include:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References:

 

 Daniels, R. C. and R.H. Huxford. 2001. An error assessment of vector data derived from scanned National Ocean Service topographic sheets. Journal of Coastal Research 17: 611 – 619.

 

Patton, R.S., 1999. Datum Differences: Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific Coast of the United States. U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington D.C. (Original publication: 1936)

 

 

 


Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 10

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000

False_Easting: 500000.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 3.000000

Ordinate_Resolution: 3.000000

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222


Distribution_Information:

Resource_Description: Downloadable Data

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Transfer_Size: 24.630


Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20020723

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Collins, Amir Sheikh

Contact_Organization:

Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: Department of Earth and Space Sciences

Address: Box 351310

Address: University of Washington

City: Seattle

State_or_Province: WA

Postal_Code: 98195

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (206) 616-6584

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (206) 543-0489

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@u.washington.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: asheikh@u.washington.edu

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time