T-1870; Gulf of Georgia, Patos, Sucia, and Matia Islands, Wash. Ter., 1888

Metadata:


Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:  Puget Sound River History Project

Originator: Department of Earth & Space Sciences, University of Washington, Box 351310

Originator: Seattle, WA 98195

Publication_Date: 10/01/03

Title: T-1870; Gulf of Georgia, Patos, Sucia, and Matia Islands, Wash. Ter., 1888

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map

Abstract:

Georeferenced United States Coast & Geodetic Survey Topographic Sheet T-1870; Gulf of Georgia, Patos, Sucia, and Matia Islands, Wash. Ter., 1888; Scale: 1:10,000; Surveyor: J.J. Gilbert

Supplemental_Information:  For a comprehensive historical and technical review of the production and interpretation of early Coast & Geodetic Survey T-sheets please refer to Shalowitz, A.L. 1964. Shore and Sea Boundaries, Volumes 2.  U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, DC. This publication is available online at http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov/hsd/shallow.htm

Time_Period_of_Content:  1888

Time_Period_Information:  1888

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 1888

Currentness_Reference: 1888

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword: T-sheets

Theme_Keyword: Coastal Survey

Theme_Keyword: Land Cover

Theme_Keyword: Historical

Theme_Keyword: United States Coast and Geodetic Survey

Place:

Place_Keyword: Washington State

Place_Keyword: Puget Sound

Stratum:

Stratum_Keyword: Near Shore

Stratum_Keyword: Coast

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword: 1888

Access_Constraints:

This georeferenced image may be freely downloaded and used. Please give credit to the Puget Sound River History Project, University of Washington.

http://riverhistory.ess.washington.edu

 

Use_Constraints:

This georeferenced image may be freely downloaded and used. Please give credit to the Puget Sound River History Project, University of Washington.

http://riverhistory.ess.washington.edu

 

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Collins, Amir Sheikh

Contact_Organization:

Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: Department of Earth and Space Sciences

Address: Box 351310

Address: University of Washington

City: Seattle

State_or_Province: WA

Postal_Code: 98195

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (206) 616-6584

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (206) 543-0489

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@u.washington.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: asheikh@u.washington.edu

 

 


Data_Quality_Information:

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 5.1 meters (using 8 reliable benchmarks)

 

To assess an independent check of the accuracy of the registration process, benchmarks located on the T-sheets were compared to published NGS benchmarks that were retraceable to the time of the surveyed T-sheet. (Published NGS benchmark information is located at http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/datasheet.prl). Only benchmarks that could be established with a high degree of certainty that existed at the time of the original T-sheet survey and were not remounted were used in the final accuracy measurement. If no current benchmarks exist or if the benchmarks have been remounted in relation to the benchmarks on the T-sheet, hard points (areas that would expect little change since the original surveys) were used to give a general indicator of the T-sheet’s registration accuracy in lieu of a more rigorous method. Thus these hard point measurements must be viewed with some caution. It should be stressed that the accuracy assessment was to check the accuracy of the overall registration process, not necessarily the accuracy of the survey itself.

 

NOTE: Measured distances are rounded to the nearest meter. The hand-drawn representations of benchmarks on the T-sheets are often up to 10 meters in width. To assess an independent check of the accuracy of the registration process, the measured distance is from the NGS-published coordinates to the perceived middle of the benchmark depicted on the T-sheet. In addition, the overall shape of the benchmark symbol is sometimes obscured by other symbology on the T-sheet. Thus, there is a certain level of uncertainty introduced due to the ambiguous location of the benchmark on the T-sheet. 

 

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

NGS datasheets were sought for 15 benchmarks clearly marked on this 1:10,000 scale t-sheet.  Nine pertain to NGS records and were used for the error assessment analysis.  Note: SUCIA E 1853 is not marked on T sheet 1870 but is located where benchmark “Fossil” resides.  It is uncertain whether the benchmark Fossil has been remounted or renamed and is therefore omitted in the final error assessment.     

 

Station Name

PID

Date Mon/Obs

Longitude

Latitude

Distance***

MATIA 1 RESET

TR2016

1853

122 49 54.22136

48 44 35.64686

4.736465

MATIA 1888

TR2014

1888

122 49 37.22250

48 44 46.58609

7.897068

MATIA 2 1853

TR2006

1853

122 49 12.47275

48 44 38.83011

9.650058

MATIA NW 1858

TR2012

1858

122 50 39.00610

48 44 59.23284

7.038772

PATOS RESET

TR2162

1853

122 58 15.44069

48 47 05.18627

1.352247

SUCIA 1888

TR2160

1888

122 53 08.32239

48 45 57.45374

3.860591

SUCIA E 1853

TR2137

1853

122 53 51.33780

48 44 46.65305

16.978058

SUCIA W 1854

TR2163

1853

122 55 21.96770

48 45 19.10354

5.140672

TRIDENT 1857

TR2164

1857

122 56 32.19929

48 47 10.95837

1.054275

 

***Measured distance (meters) between T-sheet benchmark & NGS-published benchmark

           

Lineage:

Technician: Soleil Kelley Date:  10.20.2003

Process_Step:

Process_Description:  The georeferencing of T-sheets in the Puget Sound region was funded by the Puget Sound Nearshore Project (PSNERP) http://www.pugetsoundnearshore.org/

Scanned images were obtained from University of Washington Libraries at

http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu/holland/masc/sanjuanindex.html

 

The methodology used to georeference the T-sheets was modified from the previous work of Jennifer Burke (NOAA) in the Lower Columbia and Daniels et al (2001). The georeferencing and error assessment process were carried out using Erdas Imagine 8.6 and ArcGIS 8.3.

 

For additional information concerning the georeferencing method please refer to: http://rocky2.ess.washington.edu/riverhistory/tsheets.php

 

Datum Shift:

 

Most T-sheets do not have a current datum represented on them (i.e. NAD 27, NAD 83). Graticules (tics) marking Latitude and Longitude in the early local Puget Sound Datum (PSD) and a later update to North American Datum (NAD) projection are most often present. To calculate the X, Y shift from NAD to NAD 27, X and Y values were used from datum difference tables for survey stations around most of Puget Sound (Patton, 1999). An overall datum shift was determined for the area covered by the T-sheet by averaging the shift from a number of survey stations in or nearby that area represented on the T-sheet.

 

The following survey stations were used to calculate the datum shift:

 

Patos, 1853

Trident, 1857

Sucia West, 1854

Sucia, 1888

Sucia East, 1853

Matia 1, 1853

Orcas, 1853

 

            Registration:

 

For georeferencing, tics were used only surrounding areas that depicted nearshore features on the T-sheet. This was mainly done to hasten the overall process due to the magnitude of the scope of the project while maintaining the best control around areas of interest. The sheets were then rectified using a 1st order polynomial transformation. Points that produced relatively high RMS values, as well as tic points that consistently fell outside of 4.5 meters (on a 1:10,000 scale T-sheet) of their projected UTM coordinates were omitted.

 

            The following tic marks were used for georeferencing the initial resample:

 

TIC #

Longitude

Latitude

deg

min

deg

min

1

122

58

48

47

2

122

57

48

47

3

122

56

48

47

4

122

55

48

47

5

122

57

48

46

6

122

56

48

46

7

122

55

48

46

8

122

54

48

46

9

122

53

48

46

10

122

52

48

46

11

122

51

48

46

12

122

56

48

45

13

122

55

48

45

14

122

54

48

45

15

122

53

48

45

16

122

52

48

45

17

122

51

48

45

18

122

50

48

45

19

122

49

48

45

20

122

55

48

44

21

122

54

48

44

22

122

53

48

44

23

122

52

48

44

24

122

51

48

44

25

122

50

48

44

26

122

55

48

43

27

122

54

48

43

28

122

53

48

43

29

122

52

48

43

30

122

51

48

43

31

122

52

48

42

32

122

51

48

42

 

Only two resamples were performed on this data.  The first resample had low error distance in general, with the exception of tics 1, 6, 19, and 22, which had errors greater than 6 meters (total RMS = 0.0569).  These were removed for the second and final resample.  The overall RMS reduced to 0.0454 and error distances decreased. 

 

Several factors that can introduce error into the registration process include:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References:

 

 Daniels, R. C. and R.H. Huxford. 2001. An error assessment of vector data derived from scanned National Ocean Service topographic sheets. Journal of Coastal Research 17: 611 – 619.

 

Patton, R.S., 1999. Datum Differences: Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific Coast of the United States. U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington D.C. (Original publication: 1936)

 

 

 


Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 10

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000

False_Easting: 500000.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 2.000000

Ordinate_Resolution: 2.000000

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927

Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866

Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698


Distribution_Information:

Resource_Description: Downloadable Data

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Transfer_Size: 24.630


Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20020723

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Collins, Amir Sheikh

Contact_Organization:

Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: Department of Earth and Space Sciences

Address: Box 351310

Address: University of Washington

City: Seattle

State_or_Province: WA

Postal_Code: 98195

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (206) 616-6584

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (206) 543-0489

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@u.washington.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: asheikh@u.washington.edu

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time