T-3675; Port Orchard, Northern Part, Washington, 1888-91, with updates 1916-17

Metadata:


Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:  Puget Sound River History Project

Originator: Department of Earth & Space Sciences, University of Washington, Box 351310

Originator: Seattle, WA 98195

Publication_Date: 10/01/03

Title: T-3675; Port Orchard, Northern Part, Washington, 1888-1891, with updates 1916-17

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map

Abstract:

Georeferenced United States Coast & Geodetic Survey Topographic Sheet T-3675; Port Orchard, Northern Part, Washington, 1916 reissue of 1905 (compilation of 1888-1891 surveys) with updates 1916-17; Scale: 1:20,000; Surveyor: Unknown, upd. by R. A. Wheeler

Supplemental_Information:  For a comprehensive historical and technical review of the production and interpretation of early Coast & Geodetic Survey T-sheets please refer to Shalowitz, A.L. 1964. Shore and Sea Boundaries, Volumes 2.  U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, DC. This publication is available online at http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov/hsd/shallow.htm

Time_Period_of_Content:  1888-1891

Time_Period_Information:  1888-1891

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 1888-1891

Currentness_Reference: 1888-1891

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword: T-sheets

Theme_Keyword: Coastal Survey

Theme_Keyword: Land Cover

Theme_Keyword: Historical

Theme_Keyword: United States Coast and Geodetic Survey

Place:

Place_Keyword: Washington State

Place_Keyword: Puget Sound

Stratum:

Stratum_Keyword: Near Shore

Stratum_Keyword: Coast

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword: 1888-1891

Access_Constraints:

This georeferenced image may be freely downloaded and used. Please give credit to the Puget Sound River History Project, University of Washington.

http://riverhistory.ess.washington.edu

Use_Constraints:

This georeferenced image may be freely downloaded and used. Please give credit to the Puget Sound River History Project, University of Washington.

http://riverhistory.ess.washington.edu

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Collins, Amir Sheikh

Contact_Organization:

Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: Department of Earth and Space Sciences

Address: Box 351310

Address: University of Washington

City: Seattle

State_or_Province: WA

Postal_Code: 98195

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (206) 616-6584

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (206) 543-0489

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@u.washington.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: asheikh@u.washington.edu

 


Data_Quality_Information:

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 4 meters (using 17 reliable benchmarks)

 

To assess an independent check of the accuracy of the registration process, benchmarks located on the T-sheets were compared to published NGS benchmarks that were retraceable to the time of the surveyed T-sheet. (Published NGS benchmark information is located at http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/datasheet.prl). Only benchmarks that could be established with a high degree of certainty that existed at the time of the original T-sheet survey and were not remounted were used in the final accuracy measurement. If no current benchmarks exist or if the benchmarks have been remounted in relation to the benchmarks on the T-sheet, hard points (areas that would expect little change since the original surveys) were used to give a general indicator of the T-sheet’s registration accuracy in lieu of a more rigorous method. Thus these hard point measurements must be viewed with some caution. It should be stressed that the accuracy assessment was to check the accuracy of the overall registration process, not necessarily the accuracy of the survey itself.

 

NOTE: Measured distances are rounded to the nearest meter. The hand-drawn representations of benchmarks on the T-sheets are often up to 10 meters in width. To assess an independent check of the accuracy of the registration process, the measured distance is from the NGS-published coordinates to the perceived middle of the benchmark depicted on the T-sheet. In addition, the overall shape of the benchmark symbol is sometimes obscured by other symbology on the T-sheet. Thus, there is a certain level of uncertainty introduced due to the ambiguous location of the benchmark on the T-sheet. 

 

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Twenty-four benchmarks were identified in the USCGS datasheets within the area of the t-sheet, but six of these did not match any benchmarks on the sheet.  Two of the benchmarks that did match were monumented in 1880, during the original survey, and fifteen other benchmarks were monumented in 1915-16 and marked on the t-sheet during the updates in 1916-17.  One matching benchmark was monumented in 1921, so it could have been remounted, and was not used in the error assessment.  The seventeen traceable benchmarks give an average horizontal positional accuracy of 4.09 meters.

 

 

Station Name

PID

Date Mon/Obs

Current Survey Control NAD83

Error Distance*

 

 

 

 

 

 

Longitude

Latitude

 

1

KREG 1915

SY5092

1915

122 35 32.93599

47 39 46.17377

2.692582

2

TIN

SY5152

1916

122 36 46.50650

47 39 48.85723

8.914743

3

BOULDER

SY5145

1880

122 34 52.32634

47 40 10.56535

2.672195

4

NITA 1916

SY5120

1916

122 34 29.44124

47 40 23.71349

4.301163

5

BOLIN

SY5143

1880

122 35 28.23614

47 41 26.82881

1.404513

6

SPIT

SY5141

1916

122 35 15.54837

47 41 27.11535

3.043949

7

CROOK 1916

SY5174

1916

122 33 57.33244

47 41 35.72023

0.850092

8

POD

SY5085

1916

122 36 56.93730

47 40 57.47973

1.532206

9

PORT 1916

SY5158

1916

122 36 17.41516

47 42 18.92396

3.103048

10

END 1916

SY5095

1916

122 37 01.66115

47 42 43.33690

6.715479

11

GROVE 1916

SY5075

1916

122 34 54.61838

47 41 54.63917

1.5

12

BOLD 1916

SY5161

1916

122 33 51.79389

47 42 20.13945

4.155192

13

RIDGE 1916

SY5079

1916

122 33 31.59204

47 42 56.91833

6.519202

14

ED 1916

SY5083

1916

122 32 42.27621

47 43 08.64519

5.684752

15

BAIN 1916

SY5150

1916

122 33 10.56489

47 43 16.32506

4.562072

17

COUNT

SY5123

1916

122 33 05.51938

47 43 44.68515

3.716517

22

ROE

SY5107

1916

122 30 31.50832

47 42 18.78305

8.087654

23

POINT MONROE LIGHT

SY5177

1921

122 30 50.81251

47 42 30.64222

3.535534

*Measured distance between T-sheet benchmark & NGS-published benchmark  

 

           

Lineage:

Technician: Elizabeth Cassel

Date:  1-14-04

Process_Step:

Process_Description:  The georeferencing of T-sheets in the Puget Sound region was funded by the Puget Sound Nearshore Project (PSNERP) http://www.pugetsoundnearshore.org/

Scanned images were obtained from Information Manufacturing Corporation, 7000 Infantry Ridge Road, Suite 200, Manassas, VA 20109 Phone: (703) 393-6866.

 

The methodology used to georeference the T-sheets was modified from the previous work of Jennifer Burke (NOAA) in the Lower Columbia and Daniels et al (2001). The georeferencing and error assessment process were carried out using Erdas Imagine 8.6 and ArcGIS 8.3. For additional information concerning the georeferencing method please refer to: http://rocky2.ess.washington.edu/riverhistory/tsheets.php

 

Datum Shift:

 

Most T-sheets do not have a current datum represented on them (i.e. NAD 27, NAD 83). Graticules (tics) marking Latitude and Longitude in the early local Puget Sound Datum (PSD) and a later update to North American Datum (NAD) projection are most often present. To calculate the X, Y shift from NAD to NAD 27, X and Y values were used from datum difference tables for survey stations around most of Puget Sound (Patton, 1999). An overall datum shift was determined for the area covered by the T-sheet by averaging the shift from a number of survey stations in or nearby that area represented on the T-sheet.

 

The following survey stations were used to calculate the datum shift:

  

Yeomoalt 2, 1913

Elder, 1921

Jefferson, 1921

 

 

            Registration:

 

For georeferencing, tics were used only surrounding areas that depicted nearshore features on the T-sheet. This was mainly done to hasten the overall process due to the magnitude of the scope of the project while maintaining the best control around areas of interest. The sheets were then rectified using a 1st order polynomial transformation. Points that produced relatively high RMS values, as well as tic points that consistently fell outside of 4.5 meters (on a 1:10,000 scale T-sheet) of their projected UTM coordinates were omitted.

 

            The following tic marks were used for georeferencing the initial resample:

 

 

Longitude

 

Latitude

 

 

deg

min

deg

min

1

122

34

47

46

2

122

33

47

46

3

122

32

47

46

4

122

29

47

46

5

122

28

47

46

6

122

40

47

45

7

122

39

47

45

8

122

38

47

45

9

122

34

47

45

10

122

33

47

45

11

122

32

47

45

12

122

31

47

45

13

122

30

47

45

14

122

29

47

45

15

122

28

47

45

16

122

40

47

44

17

122

39

47

44

18

122

38

47

44

19

122

33

47

44

20

122

32

47

44

21

122

31

47

44

22

122

30

47

44

23

122

29

47

44

24

122

28

47

44

25

122

40

47

43

26

122

39

47

43

27

122

38

47

43

28

122

37

47

43

29

122

36

47

43

30

122

35

47

43

31

122

34

47

43

32

122

33

47

43

33

122

32

47

43

34

122

31

47

43

35

122

30

47

43

36

122

39

47

42

37

122

38

47

42

38

122

37

47

42

39

122

36

47

42

40

122

35

47

42

41

122

34

47

42

42

122

33

47

42

43

122

32

47

42

44

122

31

47

42

45

122

30

47

42

46

122

29

47

42

47

122

37

47

41

48

122

36

47

41

49

122

35

47

41

50

122

34

47

41

51

122

33

47

41

52

122

32

47

41

53

122

31

47

41

54

122

30

47

41

55

122

29

47

41

56

122

37

47

40

57

122

36

47

40

58

122

35

47

40

59

122

34

47

40

60

122

33

47

40

61

122

32

47

40

62

122

31

47

40

63

122

30

47

40

64

122

29

47

40

65

122

38

47

39

66

122

37

47

39

67

122

36

47

39

68

122

35

47

39

69

122

34

47

39

70

122

33

47

39

71

122

32

47

39

72

122

31

47

39

73

122

30

47

39

74

122

29

47

39

 

Three resamples were performed on this data.  The first resample had low error distances except for the following points: 4, 5, 64, 65, 73, and 74.  These points were successively eliminated in the second and third resamples.  The rest of the points had error distances less than 9 meters.

 

 

Several factors that can introduce error into the registration process include:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References:

 

 Daniels, R. C. and R.H. Huxford. 2001. An error assessment of vector data derived from scanned National Ocean Service topographic sheets. Journal of Coastal Research 17: 611 – 619.

 

Patton, R.S., 1999. Datum Differences: Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific Coast of the United States. U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington D.C. (Original publication: 1936)

 

 


Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 10

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000

False_Easting: 500000.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 2.000000

Ordinate_Resolution: 2.000000

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927

Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866

Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698


Distribution_Information:

Resource_Description: Downloadable Data

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:


Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20020723

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Brian Collins, Amir Sheikh

Contact_Organization:

Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: Department of Earth and Space Sciences

Address: Box 351310

Address: University of Washington

City: Seattle

State_or_Province: WA

Postal_Code: 98195

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (206) 616-6584

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (206) 543-0489

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bcollins@u.washington.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: asheikh@u.washington.edu

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time